This Blog is written by Sarwashree Bawari.
INTRODUCTION
FSSAI registration is imperative for those aiming to establish food-related businesses like restaurants, bakeries, hotels, or food stalls in India. This requirement extends to individuals engaged in various facets of the food industry, including food manufacturing, transportation, distribution, and storage. FSSAI, or the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. Established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 (FSS Act), its primary mission is to ensure the rigorous quality assessment of food products, thereby preventing food adulteration and the sale of substandard items. FSSAI is responsible for registering and licensing Food Business Operators (FBOs) nationwide and formulating the regulatory framework governing food businesses in India.
In India, Food Business Operators (FBOs) must obtain FSSAI Registration or License, which varies based on their specific activities. These encompass a wide range of businesses, from small retailers like bakeries and confectionery shops to temporary and permanent food stalls, including street food vendors and juice kiosks. Hawkers selling packaged or freshly prepared food, dairy units, vegetable oil processing facilities, slaughterhouses, and meat and fish processing units also fall under this mandate.
Additionally, FBOs engaged in food manufacturing, cold storage, specialized food transportation, wholesale distribution, and the operation of hotels, restaurants, canteens, and cafeterias, among others, must comply. Importers, exporters, and e-commerce food suppliers, including cloud kitchens, also come under the purview of FSSAI regulations. The specific type of FSSAI license or registration required depends on the nature and scale of each business, with eligibility criteria available on the official FSSAI website.
REGISTRATION UNDER FSSAI
FSSAI Registration is a mandatory requirement for all individuals or entities engaged in food-related activities such as manufacturing, processing, storage, distribution, and sale of food products in India. The type of FSSAI Registration or License needed varies based on the scale and nature of the business. FBOs (Food Business Operators) must acquire the appropriate registration or license depending on their business size.
FSSAI Registration provides a unique 14-digit number that is printed on food packaging. This number contains information about the state of origin and the producer’s permit. The primary goal of this registration process is to enhance accountability among FBOs, ensuring the quality of food products. Food Safety & Standards (Licensing and Registration of Food Business) Regulations, 2011 govern the licensing and registration process.
TYPES OF REGISTRATION
FSSAI Registration comes in different types, and it’s determined by the nature of the business, its turnover, and production capacity. Depending on these factors, Food Business Operators (FBOs) are eligible for one of three types of licenses:
1. FSSAI Basic Registration
This registration is intended for Food Business Operators (FBOs) with a relatively small scale of operation, specifically those with an annual turnover of less than Rs. 12 lakh.
To obtain FSSAI Basic Registration, FBOs need to fill out the FSSAI registration form known as “Form A.” This form gathers essential information about the business, including its name, address, type of food products involved, and basic details about the proprietor or partners.
While FSSAI Basic Registration is suitable for smaller businesses, it’s a crucial step to ensure that even these entities adhere to food safety and quality standards, contributing to overall food safety in the country.
2. FSSAI State License
This is another category of food business registration required by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). This type of license is intended for Food Business Operators (FBOs) with a moderate scale of operation, specifically those with an annual turnover exceeding Rs. 12 lakhbut less than Rs. 20 crore. To obtain an FSSAI State License, FBOs must complete the FSSAI registration form known as “Form B.” This form collects comprehensive information about the business, including its name, address, type of food products involved, and details about the proprietor or partners. Additionally, it may require additional documents and information to demonstrate compliance with food safety regulations.
The FSSAI State License is a vital step in ensuring that medium-sized food businesses meet the necessary food safety and quality standards, contributing to the overall safety of food products in India.
3. FSSAI Central License
This is a critical category of food business registration mandated by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). This particular license is designed for Food Business Operators (FBOs) with a substantial scale of operation, particularly those with an annual turnover exceeding Rs. 20 crore.
To secure an FSSAI Central License, FBOs are required to complete the FSSAI registration form, known as “Form B.” This form collects detailed information about the business, including its name, address, the range of food products involved, and comprehensive details regarding the proprietorship or partnership. Additionally, it may necessitate the submission of various documents and substantial evidence to demonstrate compliance with stringent food safety regulations.
The FSSAI Central License is a critical regulatory requirement for large-scale food businesses, ensuring they meet the highest standards of food safety and quality in India. This license plays a vital role in safeguarding consumer health and ensuring the overall safety of food products within the country.
PROCEDURE FOR REGISTRATION
The registration procedure for obtaining an FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) registration or license can vary based on the type and scale of your food business. Here is a general overview of the registration procedure:
1. Determine Your Eligibility:
Determine the appropriate type of FSSAI registration or license you need based on your business’s turnover and scale (Basic, State, or Central License).
2. Obtain the Application Form:
You need to obtain the specific FSSAI registration form based on your eligibility:
• Form A: For Basic Registration
• Form B: For State License and Central License
3. Complete the Application Form:
Fill out the application form with accurate and complete information about your food business. This typically includes details about your business name, address, type of food products, ownership, and other relevant information.
4. Gather Supporting Documents:
- Depending on the type of registration or license you are applying for, you will need to provide various supporting documents such as:
- Identity and address proof of the proprietor/partners/directors
- Food safety management plan (for State and Central License)
- Details of food products and their manufacturing process
- Business entity proof (e.g., incorporation certificate, partnership deed)
- Layout plan of the premises (for manufacturing units)
- NOC from the municipality or Panchayat (if required)
5. Submit the Application:
Submit the completed application form along with the supporting documents to the relevant FSSAI office in your state or region.
6. Payment of Fees:
Pay the requisite fee for your FSSAI registration or license. The fee amount depends on the type and duration of the license.
7. Inspection:
FSSAI authorities may conduct an inspection of your food premises to verify compliance with food safety standards. They will communicate with you to schedule this inspection.
8. Issuance of Certificate:
Once your application is approved and compliance is confirmed, the FSSAI will issue your registration or license certificate. This certificate will contain a unique FSSAI registration or license number.
9. Display the FSSAI Logo:
After obtaining the FSSAI registration or license, it is mandatory to display the FSSAI logo and your registration/license number on your food product labels or at your food business premises.
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED
To obtain an FSSAI Registration or License in India, you need to provide specific documents depending on the type of registration. Generally, you’ll require identity proof for food business operators, business registration certificates, proof of business premises, a food safety management plan, and more. For FSSAI State License, additional documents include a plan of the processing unit, equipment details, and water quality analysis.
For FSSAI Central License, you’ll need similar documents along with information on raw material sources, recall plans, and various certifications. Detailed requirements can vary, so it’s advisable to check with local FSSAI authorities for precise information. Complying with these document requirements is essential for ensuring your food business adheres to safety standards.
To obtain an FSSAI Central License, eligibility criteria include:
1. 5 Star Hotels and above.
2. Food businesses with operations at a larger scale (turnover of Rs. 20 crore or more).
3. Restaurants and food chains with multiple branches across states (main branch/head office).
4. 100% export-oriented food processing/production units.
5. Food processing units, re-labellers, and re-packers processing more than 2 Metric Tonnes per day (excluding grains, cereals, and pulse milling units).
6. Refrigerated storages with a capacity of 10,000 Metric Tonnes or more.
7. Wholesalers with annual turnovers of Rs. 30 Crores or more.
8. Food catering services at airports and seaports.
The procedure to apply for a State or Central FSSAI License involves these steps:
1. Download Form-B for State or Central License from the FSSAI website.
2. Complete the form and have it signed by the food business owner or authorized person.
3. Create an account with a username and password on the FSSAI website.
4. Provide a valid email ID or mobile number for login details.
5. Keep the required documents ready based on your license type.
6. Click “apply now” and answer questions about your business.
7. Your license may be accepted, rejected, or sent for inspection.
8. If inspection is required, wait for an inspector to verify compliance with FSSAI standards.
9. FSSAI licenses are typically granted for up to 5 years and must be renewed before expiry.
Ensure you follow these steps carefully to obtain your FSSAI license.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQs)
1. What is a food license in India?
In India, a food license is a legal requirement for individuals and businesses engaged in various types of food-related activities. It ensures that they adhere to food safety standards and regulations.
2. Which types of food businesses require a food license?
Various businesses, including food service providers, food trucks, cloud kitchens, storage units, food wagons, importers, exporters, and more, require food licenses. The type of license depends on your specific business operations.
3. How can I apply for a food license online?
The online application process consists of several steps. You need to visit the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) website, complete a detailed application form, and upload relevant documents. Make sure you provide accurate details to ensure a smooth application process.
4. What are the stages in processing a food license application?
The application process typically involves the regulatory authority verifying, inspecting, and approving your application. This includes reviewing your food safety management system and ensuring adherence to food safety standards.
5. What is the validity period of a food license in India?
The validity period of a food license can vary depending on the type of license and business. It ranges from 1 to 5 years. Be sure to check the specific duration mentioned on your license.
6. What is the distinction between a basic license and a license category for food businesses?
A basic license is required for small-scale food businesses, while the license category depends on your business’s scale and nature. Large-scale businesses may need higher-category licenses.
7. How much is the registration fee for a food license?
The registration fee for a food license may vary based on your business operations and turnover. It’s crucial to check the fee structure on the FSSAI website before applying.
8. What documents do I need for a food license application?
You need to submit a comprehensive list of documents, including proof of possession, rental agreements (if applicable), proof of turnover, analysis reports, and an application reference, among others. The list of documents may vary depending on your business type.
9. Can I apply for a food license as a home-based food business?
Yes, home-based food businesses are also required to obtain a food license. You should follow the same application process and provide the necessary documents.
10. What is a Food Safety Management System (FSMS)?
An FSMS is a set of practices, procedures, and standards that you implement to ensure the safety and quality of food items during their preparation, storage, and sale. It is a crucial aspect of food license applications.
11. How can I check the status of my food license application online?
You can check your application status by using the application reference number provided during the application process. The FSSAI website typically offers an online portal to track your application status.
12. Are there specific requirements for storage units and refrigerated storage facilities in food license applications?
Yes, storage facilities must adhere to specific compliance requirements, including temperature control and cleanliness. You may be required to submit a report on the source and quality of water used on the premises.
13. Can I apply for a food license on behalf of a religious institution or a charity organization?
Yes, religious institutions or charitable organizations involved in food preparation and distribution must also apply for a food license.
14. What is the significance of consumer awareness and trust in food license applications?
Consumer awareness and trust are essential for the success of your food business. Adherence to food safety standards, as demonstrated by your food license, helps build consumer trust and confidence in your products.
15. How can I contact the regulatory authority or food safety officer for inquiries about my application?
You can typically find contact information, including an email address and phone number, on the FSSAI website. They may also provide email alerts for application updates.
